:root {
    /* Colors - Muted, sophisticated palette */
    --color-bg: #fafaf8;
    --color-text: #1a1a1a;
    --color-text-light: #6b6b6b;
    --color-accent: #2d4a5e;
    --color-accent-light: #5a7a8f;
    --color-border: #e1e1df;
    --color-highlight: #d4a574;
    
    /* Typography */
    --font-serif: 'Crimson Text', 'Georgia', serif;
    --font-sans: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', system-ui, sans-serif;
    --font-mono: 'Courier New', monospace;
    
    /* Spacing */
    --space-unit: 1rem;
    --space-xs: calc(var(--space-unit) * 0.5);
    --space-sm: calc(var(--space-unit) * 0.75);
    --space-md: calc(var(--space-unit) * 1.5);
    --space-lg: calc(var(--space-unit) * 3);
    --space-xl: calc(var(--space-unit) * 6);
    
    /* Layout */
    --max-width: 1200px;
    --reading-width: 68ch;
}

/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    font-size: 18px;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--color-text);
    background-color: var(--color-bg);
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

/* Typography */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    line-height: 1.2;
    font-weight: 400;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

h1 { font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4.5rem); }
h2 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.5rem); }
h3 { font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2rem); }
h4 { font-size: 1.25rem; }

p {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

a {
    color: var(--color-accent);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--color-highlight);
}

/* Navigation */
.nav {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    width: 100%;
    background-color: rgba(250, 250, 248, 0.95);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    z-index: 1000;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.nav-content {
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-md);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.nav-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--space-lg);
}

.nav-links a {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    position: relative;
}

.nav-links a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -4px;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 1px;
    background-color: var(--color-accent);
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-links a:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    min-height: 90vh;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    padding: var(--space-xl) var(--space-md);
    margin-top: 4rem;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-background {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    z-index: 0;
}

.hero-content {
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 900px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5.5rem);
    line-height: 1.1;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    font-weight: 300;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2vw, 1.4rem);
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-weight: 300;
}

.scroll-indicator {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 2rem;
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    animation: bounce 2s infinite;
    z-index: 1;
}

@keyframes bounce {
    0%, 20%, 50%, 80%, 100% {
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
    40% {
        transform: translateY(-10px);
    }
    60% {
        transform: translateY(-5px);
    }
}

/* Section Styles */
.section {
    padding: var(--space-xl) var(--space-md);
}

.container {
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.section-header {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
}

.section-header h2 {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.section-intro {
    max-width: var(--reading-width);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    line-height: 1.7;
}

/* About Section */
.about-section {
    background-color: white;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.about-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-xl);
    align-items: start;
}

.about-text {
    max-width: var(--reading-width);
}

.about-text h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: var(--space-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.about-text em {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.about-text code {
    font-family: var(--font-mono);
    background-color: rgba(45, 74, 94, 0.08);
    padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
    border-radius: 3px;
    font-size: 0.9em;
}

.about-image {
    position: relative;
    aspect-ratio: 3/4;
    background-color: var(--color-border);
}

.about-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
}

.image-frame {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 1;
    transform: translate(1rem, 1rem);
}

/* Gallery Section */
.art-section {
    background-color: var(--color-bg);
}

.gallery {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--space-lg);
    margin-top: var(--space-lg);
}

.gallery-item {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.gallery-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.gallery-image {
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 1;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
}

.gallery-info {
    padding: var(--space-md);
}

.gallery-title {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-xs);
}

.gallery-equation {
    font-family: var(--font-mono);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    overflow-x: auto;
    padding: var(--space-xs) 0;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-xs);
}

.gallery-description {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Simulations Section */
.simulations-section {
    background-color: white;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.simulations-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--space-lg);
    margin-top: var(--space-lg);
}

.simulation-item {
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    background-color: var(--color-bg);
    transition: border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.simulation-item:hover {
    border-color: var(--color-accent);
}

.simulation-title {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
}

.simulation-description {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.simulation-link {
    display: inline-block;
    color: var(--color-accent);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 2px;
}

.simulation-link::after {
    content: ' →';
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-block;
}

.simulation-link:hover::after {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* Contact Section */
.contact-section {
    background-color: var(--color-bg);
    text-align: center;
}

.contact-content {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.contact-content h2 {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.contact-content p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.contact-content a {
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-md);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Blog Section */
.blog-section {
    background-color: var(--color-bg);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

/* Articles Page */
.articles-page {
    padding-top: 5rem;
    padding-bottom: var(--space-xl);
    min-height: calc(100vh - 200px);
}

.page-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
    padding: var(--space-xl) var(--space-md);
}

.page-header h1 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    font-weight: 400;
}

.page-intro {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    max-width: var(--reading-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.articles-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--space-lg);
    margin-top: var(--space-lg);
}

.article-card {
    background-color: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    padding: var(--space-lg);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.article-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: var(--color-accent-light);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.article-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-xs);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.article-date {
    font-style: italic;
}

.article-read-time {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.article-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: var(--space-xs);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.article-tag {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.25em 0.75em;
    background-color: rgba(45, 74, 94, 0.08);
    color: var(--color-accent);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    border-radius: 3px;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.article-title {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.article-summary {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.article-link {
    display: inline-block;
    color: var(--color-accent);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    transition: color 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
}

.article-link:hover {
    color: var(--color-highlight);
}

/* Article Page */
.article-page {
    padding-top: 5rem;
    min-height: calc(100vh - 200px);
}

.article-container {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-md);
}

.breadcrumb {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-lg);
}

.breadcrumb a {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.breadcrumb a:hover {
    color: var(--color-accent);
}

.article-page-header {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-xl);
    padding-bottom: var(--space-lg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.article-meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--space-xs);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.article-meta time {
    font-style: italic;
}

.article-page-title {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    font-weight: 400;
}

.article-content {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.article-content h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin-top: var(--space-xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    padding-top: var(--space-md);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.article-content h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: var(--space-lg);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.article-content h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-top: var(--space-md);
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
}

.article-content p {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.article-content strong {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text);
}

.article-content em {
    font-style: italic;
}

.article-content a {
    color: var(--color-accent);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-color: rgba(45, 74, 94, 0.3);
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
    transition: text-decoration-color 0.3s ease;
}

.article-content a:hover {
    text-decoration-color: var(--color-accent);
}

.article-content ul,
.article-content ol {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
    padding-left: var(--space-lg);
}

.article-content li {
    margin-bottom: var(--space-sm);
}

.article-content code {
    font-family: var(--font-mono);
    background-color: rgba(45, 74, 94, 0.08);
    padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
    border-radius: 3px;
    font-size: 0.9em;
}

.article-content pre {
    background-color: rgba(45, 74, 94, 0.05);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: 4px;
    padding: var(--space-md);
    overflow-x: auto;
    margin-bottom: var(--space-md);
}

.article-content pre code {
    background-color: transparent;
    padding: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    font-size: 0.95em;
}

.article-content blockquote {
    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-accent);
    padding-left: var(--space-md);
    margin: var(--space-lg) 0;
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
}

.article-content img,
.article-content video {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    margin: var(--space-lg) auto;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.article-content figure {
    margin: var(--space-lg) 0;
}

.article-content figcaption {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-style: italic;
    margin-top: var(--space-sm);
}

/* MathJax styling */
.article-content mjx-container {
    overflow-x: auto;
    overflow-y: hidden;
}

.article-content mjx-container[display="true"] {
    margin: var(--space-md) 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.article-footer {
    margin-top: var(--space-xl);
    padding-top: var(--space-lg);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    html {
        font-size: 16px;
    }
    
    .nav-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }
    
    .nav-links {
        gap: var(--space-md);
    }
    
    .hero {
        min-height: 70vh;
        padding: var(--space-lg) var(--space-md);
    }
    
    .about-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .about-image {
        display: none;
    }
    
    .gallery {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .simulations-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .articles-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .article-container {
        padding: var(--space-md);
    }

    .article-content {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

/* Print Styles */
@media print {
    .nav,
    .scroll-indicator,
    .footer {
        display: none;
    }
    
    .section {
        break-inside: avoid;
    }
}